Notifications alert you about things like new messages, calendar events, and alarms.
You see notifications:
When you swipe the status bar down on any screen

Some important notifications pop up briefly over your current app so that you can take action. For example, a notification for an incoming call might appear while you're watching a video, so that you can answer or dismiss the call.
Use Do not disturb to silence all notifications when you don’t want interruptions.
You can also customize notifications, controlling the notification sound, which apps send notifications, how notifications show on your lock screen.